1. ASTM A335 Grade P22 is a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel with the following specifications:
| Grade | UNS Designation | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Mo | Other |
| P22 | K21590 | 0.05–0.15 | 0.30–0.60 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.50 max | 1.90–2.60 | 0.87–1.13 | . . . |
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Tensile Strength: ≥415 MPa (60,200 psi)
Yield Strength: ≥205 MPa (29,700 psi)
Hardness: ≤163 HBW (Brinell)
Elongation: ≥30% (in 50mm)
Normalized at 900–975°C (1652–1787°F) and tempered at 675–760°C (1247–1400°F).
2. Manufacturing Standards & Testing
Compliance:
ASTM A335 (material)
ASME BPVC Section I & VIII (pressure design)
TEMA (Thermal Exchanger Manufacturers Association) for finned tube bundles.
Testing:
Hydrostatic Test: 1.5x design pressure for 10+ seconds.
NDT (Non-Destructive Testing):
Ultrasonic testing (UT) for base tube integrity.
Dye penetrant testing (PT) for weld joints.
3. Application-Specific Configurations
Power Plant Boilers:
Superheaters: Fins optimized for 400–600°C flue gas with ash erosion resistance.
Economizers: Low-fin-density designs (3–5 FPI) to minimize fouling.
Refinery Heaters:
Stainless steel fin tips for sulfidation resistance in H₂S-rich environments.
Waste Heat Recovery Units:
Custom fin spacing to handle particulate-laden exhaust (e.g., cement kilns).
4. Advantages Over Serrated/Embedded Fins
- Durability: No risk of fin loosening or debris entrapment (critical in ash/slag environments).
- Thermal Fatigue Resistance: Monolithic construction handles rapid temperature swings.
- Ease of Cleaning: Smooth fin surfaces reduce fouling in dirty gas streams.
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ASTM A335 P22 Solid Fin Tube For Refinery Heaters And Economizers Images
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